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ligatureanimation Did you know that the oldest dated printed book in the world was found hidden inside a sealed cave in the deserts of western China? The text is known as the Diamond Sutra, a Buddhist scripture printed in 868 AD during the Tang Dynasty. It was discovered in 1907 inside Mogao Cave 17 near the great oasis city of Dunhuang, alongside more than forty thousand manuscripts written in 20 different languages. But the real curiosity isn’t the book, it’s the technology that made it possible. We don’t know the exact date, but at some point between the sixth and seventh centuries, artisans in the Tang Dynasty developed an incredible technology – called xylographic or wood block printing. Entire pages of text were carved into wooden blocks and inked – and paper was pressed onto them to produce a printed page. Once a block had been carved a single block could produce thousands of identical copies, allowing knowledge to be re-produced on an unprecedented scale. By the ninth century, printers were producing far more than Buddhist scriptures. Calendars, dictionaries, works on medicine, astrology, geography, and philosophy were all being printed. Under the Song Dynasty, printing expanded creating what is arguably the world’s first commercial publishing industry – nearly six centuries before Gutenberg printed his famous Bible. Even after movable type was invented in the eleventh century, woodblock printing remained the dominant technology in East Asia for centuries, largely because it was better suited to writing systems with thousands of characters, like Classical Chinese. If you're interested in learning more about the history of printing in East Asia, I can wholeheartedly suggest: Tsien, Tsuen-hsuin and Joseph Needham. 1985. "Paper and Printing" in Science and Civilization in China, Volume 5. Brokaw, Cynthia. 2005. "On the History of the Book in China, Printing and Book Culture in Late Imperial China". Both excellent entry points for readers new to the subject. #silkroad #ancienthistory #foryourpage #worldhistory #culturalheritage

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